Conozca al nuevo pez ‘caminante’: una criatura de color rojo brillante que vive en las profundidades

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A team exploring the ocean off Chile recently discovered more than a hundred strange-looking species that are likely new to science."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html1","cntnt":{"mrkup":"“Although finding new species in these areas, among the most remote and poorly explored in the world's oceans, is not unexpected, finding dozens of them is thrilling and inspiring,” chief scientist Javier Sellanes, a marine biologist at the Catholic University of the North in Chile, told National Geographic in an email."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html2","cntnt":{"mrkup":"The scientists set sail early in 2024 aboard the Schmidt Ocean Institute’s Falkor (too) research vessel to explore the depths of the southeastern Pacific Ocean. They sent a robotic underwater vehicle, or ROV, equipped with lights and cameras down more than 5,000 feet to livestream the hidden wonders far beneath the waves."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html3","cntnt":{"mrkup":"Scientists found a life-form that resembles a living constellation and moves like an underwater tumbleweed; crimson crustaceans with long, spindly legs covered in spikes; and lots of organisms flashing with bioluminescence."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"29026f6c-07fc-4393-81f6-b8e375e0bc19","cntnt":{"id":"29026f6c-07fc-4393-81f6-b8e375e0bc19","cmsType":"youtube","caption":"The newfound sea toad can be seen around 4:13.","src":"https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/gPrcrpqKo0o"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"html4","cntnt":{"mrkup":"One creature that stood out is a type of “walking” fish, complete with googly eyes and skin that looks crocheted. It’s a kind of sea toad––a type of deep-sea anglerfish famous for its gloomy expression and the glowing lure that dangles in front of its face to attract prey. Its doily-like skin is made up of little needles that likely offer protection and holes for sensory organs. "},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html5","cntnt":{"mrkup":"The sea toad has modified fins that allow it to walk on the seafloor—partly a hunting strategy and partly because it’s more energy efficient than swimming, Sellanes says. (See a picture of another type of sea toad, called a coffinfish.)"},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html6","cntnt":{"mrkup":"As the first scientific report of a sea toad in the southeastern Pacific, the sea toad is likely a new species, experts say."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html7","cntnt":{"mrkup":"\"There is very little known about the ecology, behavior, and other aspects of biology of Chaunacops,” or the genus of sea toad, says Bruce Mundy, a retired U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration fishery biologist who was not part of the expedition. "},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html8","cntnt":{"mrkup":"For example, he says, \"There have been no studies, to my knowledge” about how their lures actully work."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html9","cntnt":{"mrkup":"Marine oases"},"type":"h2","style":{}},{"id":"html10","cntnt":{"mrkup":"The researchers mapped four previously unknown underwater mountains, called seamounts, as well as six already known to science."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html11","cntnt":{"mrkup":"\"The unique nature of the topography of the seamounts allows certain types of species to live and adapt to a lifestyle which can only be found on that particular mountain,” team member Jan Maximiliano Guerra, a Ph.D. student at Catholic University of the North, said in one of the expedition videos. (See photos of more deep-sea creatures.)"},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html12","cntnt":{"mrkup":"“And, therefore, most of the species we find along this mountain range and in the seamounts are unique in nature and cannot be found anywhere else in the world.”"},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html13","cntnt":{"mrkup":"Sellanes adds in another video: “In many ways, they constitute a kind of oasis in the middle of a marine desert.”"},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html14","cntnt":{"mrkup":"There may be well over 100,000 seamounts worldwide, but people have explored less than 0.1 percent of them, according to NOAA. Far fewer are set aside from potentially harmful human activity, such as commercial fishing, bottom trawling, and mining. (Read about deep-sea animals new to science—and already at risk.)"},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html15","cntnt":{"mrkup":"Fortunately, Sellanes says, two of the underwater mountains the scientists explored are already part of marine protected areas."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html16","cntnt":{"mrkup":"Scratching the surface"},"type":"h2","style":{}},{"id":"html17","cntnt":{"mrkup":"But Sellanes says more seamounts need to be safeguarded. During the expedition, he witnessed giant sponges; fields of sea lilies; seafloor-dwelling octopuses; and enormous, 10-foot-tall bamboo corals—each populating entirely different areas."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html18","cntnt":{"mrkup":"“So each seamount is unique, and protecting only a few is not enough to efficiently protect all the diversity of fauna and habitats they host,” Sellanes says."},"type":"p","style":{}},{"id":"html19","cntnt":{"mrkup":"Many plants and animals found on seamounts are especially vulnerable because they live nowhere else, says chief scientist Erin Easton, a biological oceanographer at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley. 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But it's one of a hundred species possibly new to science that have been found in underwater mountains off Chile."}},"config":{},"usesArticleObject":true},{"name":"Divider","props":{"className":"natgeoDivider"},"config":{},"usesArticleObject":true},{"name":"Body","props":{"body":[[{"type":"p","content":["Sci-fi shows are full of alien encounters, but few of the imagined creatures are as bizarre as the ones in our own deep sea. A team exploring the ocean off ",{"type":"a","content":["Chile"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destination/chile","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}}," recently discovered more than a hundred strange-looking species that are likely new to science."]},{"type":"p","content":["“Although finding new species in these areas, among the most remote and poorly explored in the world's oceans, is not unexpected, finding dozens of them is thrilling and inspiring,” chief scientist ",{"type":"a","content":["Javier Sellanes"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Javier-Sellanes","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}},", a marine biologist at the Catholic University of the North in Chile, told ",{"type":"i","content":["National Geographic"]}," in an email."]},{"type":"p","content":["The scientists set sail early in 2024 aboard the ",{"type":"a","content":["Schmidt Ocean Institute’s Falkor (too)"],"attrs":{"href":"https://schmidtocean.org/rv-falkor/","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}}," research vessel to explore the depths of the southeastern Pacific Ocean. They sent a robotic underwater vehicle, or ROV, equipped with lights and cameras down more than 5,000 feet to livestream the hidden wonders far beneath the waves."]}],{"type":"inline","content":{"name":"Ad","props":{"ad":{"kvps":{"pos":"fitt-article-inline-outstream-1"},"type":"fitt-article-inline-outstream","className":"fitt-article-inline-outstream"},"className":"natgeo-ad","placeholders":{"compact":{"size":[320,50]},"regular":{"size":[728,90]}},"initSelf":true},"context":{},"config":{"gridDisplayMode":"none"}}},[{"type":"p","content":["Scientists found a life-form that resembles ",{"type":"a","content":["a living constellation"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.youtube.com/live/bTri6Pton7E?si=Gz0qM7VLB9BMJug_&t=8368","target":"_blank"}}," and moves like an underwater tumbleweed; ",{"type":"a","content":["crimson crustaceans"],"attrs":{"href":"https://youtu.be/rh8RtuuFhsY?si=20SJgyQTEXOL1Bs5&t=124","target":"_blank"}}," with long, spindly legs covered in spikes; and lots of organisms flashing with ",{"type":"a","content":["bioluminescence"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/bioluminescence-animals-ocean-glowing#:~:text=Bioluminescence%20fends%20off%20predators%2C%20lures,the%20only%20source%20of%20light.","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}},"."]},{"type":"inline","content":{"name":"SocialEmbed","props":{"caption":{"title":null,"text":"The newfound sea toad can be seen around 4:13.","lines":3,"showMoreText":"Read More"},"network":"youtube","markup":"%3Ciframe%20src%3D%22https%3A//www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/gPrcrpqKo0o%22%20frameborder%3D%220%22%20allowfullscreen%3D%22%22%3E%3C/iframe%3E","encMethod":"esc","tmsEnabled":true},"context":{},"config":{"align":"full","alignXxs":"full"}}},{"type":"p","content":["One creature that stood out is a type of “walking” fish, complete with googly eyes and skin that looks crocheted. It’s a kind of sea toad––a type of deep-sea anglerfish famous for its gloomy expression and the glowing lure that dangles in front of its face to attract prey. Its doily-like skin is made up of little needles that likely offer protection and holes for sensory organs."," "]},{"type":"p","content":["The sea toad has modified fins that allow it to walk on the seafloor—partly a hunting strategy and partly because it’s more energy efficient than swimming, Sellanes says. ",{"type":"a","content":[{"type":"i","content":["(See a picture of another type of sea toad, called a coffinfish.)"]}],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/coffinfish-deep-sea-inflate-oceans","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}}]},{"type":"p","content":["As the first scientific report of a sea toad in the southeastern Pacific, the sea toad is likely a new species, experts say."]},{"type":"p","content":["\"There is very little known about the ecology, behavior, and other aspects of biology of ",{"type":"i","content":["Chaunacops"]},",” or the genus of sea toad, says ",{"type":"a","content":["Bruce Mundy"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/contact/bruce-mundy","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}},", a retired U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration fishery biologist who was not part of the expedition."," "]}],{"type":"inline","content":{"name":"Ad","props":{"ad":{"type":"fitt-article-inline-box","className":"fitt-article-inline-box"},"className":"natgeo-ad","placeholders":{"compact":{"size":[300,250]},"regular":{"size":[300,250]}},"initSelf":true},"context":{},"config":{"gridDisplayMode":"none"}}},[{"type":"p","content":["For example, he says, \"There have been no studies, to my knowledge” about how their lures actully work."]},{"type":"h2","content":["Marine oases"]},{"type":"p","content":["The researchers mapped four previously unknown underwater mountains, called seamounts, as well as six already known to science."]},{"type":"p","content":["\"The unique nature of the topography of the seamounts allows certain types of species to live and adapt to a lifestyle which can only be found on that particular mountain,” team member Jan Maximiliano Guerra, a Ph.D. student at Catholic University of the North, said in one of the expedition videos. ",{"type":"i","content":[{"type":"a","content":["(See photos of more deep-sea creatures.)"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/deep-sea-creatures","target":"_blank"}}]}]},{"type":"p","content":["“And, therefore, most of the species we find along this mountain range and in the seamounts are unique in nature and cannot be found anywhere else in the world.”"]},{"type":"p","content":["Sellanes adds in another video: “In many ways, they constitute a kind of oasis in the middle of a marine desert.”"]}],{"type":"inline","content":{"name":"Ad","props":{"ad":{"kvps":{"pos":"fitt-article-inline-outstream-2"},"type":"fitt-article-inline-outstream","className":"fitt-article-inline-outstream"},"className":"natgeo-ad","placeholders":{"compact":{"size":[320,50]},"regular":{"size":[728,90]}},"initSelf":true},"context":{},"config":{"gridDisplayMode":"none"}}},[{"type":"p","content":["There may be well over 100,000 seamounts worldwide, but people have explored ",{"type":"a","content":["less than 0.1 percent"],"attrs":{"href":"https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/seamounts.html","target":"_blank"}}," of them, according to NOAA. Far fewer are set aside from potentially harmful human activity, such as commercial fishing, bottom trawling, and mining. ",{"type":"a","content":[{"type":"i","content":["(Read about deep-sea animals new to science—and already at risk.)"]}],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/deep-sea-animals-new-species-mining","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}}]},{"type":"p","content":["Fortunately, Sellanes says, two of the underwater mountains the scientists explored are already part of ",{"type":"a","content":["marine protected areas"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/marine-protected-areas-ocean-conservation-environment","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}},"."]},{"type":"h2","content":["Scratching the surface"]},{"type":"p","content":["But Sellanes says more seamounts need to be safeguarded. During the expedition, he witnessed giant sponges; fields of sea lilies; seafloor-dwelling ",{"type":"a","content":["octopuses"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/octopus-facts","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}},"; and enormous, 10-foot-tall bamboo corals—each populating entirely different areas."]},{"type":"p","content":["“So each seamount is unique, and protecting only a few is not enough to efficiently protect all the diversity of fauna and habitats they host,” Sellanes says."]},{"type":"p","content":["Many plants and animals found on seamounts are especially vulnerable because they live nowhere else, says chief scientist"," ",{"type":"a","content":["Erin Easton"],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.utrgv.edu/seems/meet-us/faculty/erin-easton/index.htm","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}},", a biological oceanographer at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley. ",{"type":"a","content":[{"type":"i","content":["(Read more about these unique mountains in the sea.)"]}],"attrs":{"href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/seamounts","rel":"noopener noreferrer","target":"_blank"}}]}],{"type":"inline","content":{"name":"Ad","props":{"ad":{"kvps":{"pos":"fitt-article-inline-outstream-3"},"type":"fitt-article-inline-outstream","className":"fitt-article-inline-outstream"},"className":"natgeo-ad","placeholders":{"compact":{"size":[320,50]},"regular":{"size":[728,90]}},"initSelf":true},"context":{},"config":{"gridDisplayMode":"none"}}},[{"type":"p","content":["And while a hundred-plus new species is a significant haul from a single expedition, the team emphasizes that they’ve barely scratched the surface."]},{"type":"p","content":["“What we explored in each ROV dive is just what we are able to see in a trail of about two kilometers, which is insignificant compared with the huge volume of these structures,” Sellanes says."]},{"type":"p","content":["Far more new species will remain hidden until scientists return for further exploration. “What we already know about [these deep-sea ecosystems] justifies their protection, but what we still do not know justifies it even more.”"]}]],"blockquote":{"disableQuotationMark":true,"simple":true},"dateline":null,"datelineSeparator":"—","wordCount":767,"className":"PrismArticleBody SingleColumn"},"config":{"gridDisplayMode":"none"},"usesArticleObject":true}],"endComponents":[{"name":"RelatedTags","props":{"heading":"Related Topics","tags":[{"label":"FISH","href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/related/d45f12b2-aa89-3e50-9360-2162cd1a9bc8/fish"},{"label":"DEEP SEA","href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/related/fe1105a4-1070-331b-bbdc-ea8f17cc972a/deep-sea"},{"label":"OCEAN LIFE","href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/related/8838ea64-2bff-3afc-8b0f-c53ef993ae44/ocean-life"},{"label":"SPECIES DISCOVERY","href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/related/ba07f788-4219-37f5-b822-cf9bca5ea6fc/species-discovery"},{"label":"UNDERWATER EXPLORATION","href":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/related/2da626a5-0337-3422-94de-d69803e2d0ed/underwater-exploration"}]},"config":{"gridDisplayMode":"normal"},"usesArticleObject":true},{"name":"ContentPromoGrid","props":{"cards":[{"type":"floating","headline":"See a rare view of a manta ray courtship ritual deep in the sea","image":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/b96bcc53-9cdc-40ea-b8ef-a3ff6bda6cbf/Crittercam_Oceanic_Manta_Ray_El_Boiler_San_Benedicto_Revillagigedo_Archipelago_Mexico_2015_Guy-Stevens_5_4x3.jpg","link":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/see-rare-manta-ray-courtship-ritual-trail-deep-sea-crittercams","imageRatio":"4x3","tags":[{"value":"ANIMALS","type":"text"}]},{"type":"floating","headline":"These primitive, deep-sea fish live to 100, surprising scientists","image":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/ab0c9761-6e71-4834-a0e3-c5e05b53707d/NationalGeographic_1377996_4x3.jpg","link":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/primitive-coelacanth-fish-lives-to-a-hundred","imageRatio":"4x3","tags":[{"value":"ANIMALS","type":"text"}]},{"type":"floating","headline":"These creatures of the 'twilight zone' are vital to our oceans","image":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/7a02fec2-2b37-4db4-ae42-78bafb997044/MM9391_210629_15322_edited_4x3.jpg","link":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/deep-sea-creatures-twilight-zone","imageRatio":"4x3","tags":[{"value":"ANIMALS","type":"text"}]},{"type":"floating","headline":"These deep-sea animals are new to science—and already at risk","image":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/54513f4a-e15c-4275-9634-ba5bbbe0f9dd/IMG_3800-Amperima_sp-ventral-EDITED_4x3.jpg","link":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/deep-sea-animals-new-species-mining","imageRatio":"4x3","tags":[{"value":"ANIMALS","type":"text"}]},{"type":"floating","headline":"These dragons don’t breathe fire—but they’re very real","image":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/48e4738f-108d-4fcc-9bec-52febd200b0e/01-waq-dragons_4x3.jpg","link":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/dragons-real-komodo-flying-sea-slugs","imageRatio":"4x3","tags":[{"value":"ANIMALS","type":"text"}]}],"heading":"You May Also Like","gridType":"five_promoted"},"config":{}}],"topComponents":[{"name":"Ad","props":{"ad":{"type":null,"className":null},"initSelf":true},"config":{}}],"SEO":{"JSONLD":{"article":{"@context":"http://schema.org/","@type":"NewsArticle","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"","@type":"WebPage"},"author":[{"name":"Ashley Balzer Vigil","@type":"Person"}],"dateline":null,"datePublished":"2024-02-27T19:00:00.000Z","description":"This odd-looking sea toad may look like crochet. 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After learning these waters were a harbinger of climate change, he set out to document the rapid shift and its ripple effects.","title":"What rising temperatures in the Gulf of Maine mean for wildlife","tags":[{"name":"Environment","id":"623ce370-3e67-3fb2-b9a5-070ceb9b2de5","type":"sources","uri":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment"}]},{"id":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile","cmsType":"RegularStandardPrismTile","isEntitled":false,"cId":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile_0dafa39f-1a25-47fa-a667-6de06a34acd1","description":"Fernando Trujillo, the 2024 Rolex National Geographic Explorer of the Year, has devoted his life to protecting the Amazon’s river dolphins.","ctas":[{"url":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/explorer-of-the-year-fernando-trujillo","text":"natgeo.ctaText.read","icon":"article"}],"img":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/5d98f2df-7425-463b-9756-54e9175e7202/NS17627802_NGSPPAMZ_9468.jpg","altText":"Man in kerchief in the water up to his shoulders.","crdt":"Photograph by Jorge Panchoaga","dsc":"Fernando Trujillo, shown in the Amazon River, has made conservation of river dolphins-depicted on his kerchief-his life's work.","ttl":"Fernando Trujillo-06.2024","rchDsc":{"markup":"Fernando Trujillo, shown in the Amazon River, has made conservation of river dolphins-depicted on his kerchief-his life's work."},"rchTtl":{"markup":"Fernando Trujillo-06.2024"}},"abstract":"Fernando Trujillo, the 2024 Rolex National Geographic Explorer of the Year, has devoted his life to protecting the Amazon’s river dolphins.","title":"He’s called ‘omacha,’ a dolphin that transforms into a man. Why?","tags":[{"name":"Environment","id":"623ce370-3e67-3fb2-b9a5-070ceb9b2de5","type":"sources","uri":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment"},{"name":"Perpetual Planet","id":"d289d7e6-7d53-3ba2-bcf1-4614bd040631","type":"series","uri":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/topic/perpetual-planet"}]},{"id":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile","cmsType":"RegularStandardPrismTile","isEntitled":false,"cId":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile_3beb0217-3b76-4e3d-a87c-e78c8f60c6fa","description":"Jalapeños at the supermarket are twice as big as they used to be, and more mild, one expert says.","ctas":[{"url":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/chili-peppers-jalapeno-serrano-sriracha-spicy","text":"natgeo.ctaText.read","icon":"article"}],"img":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.5025678650036685,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3a81f572-149e-44c1-8d61-42d9c66935cd/GettyImages-1402470465.jpg","altText":"A close-up aerial view of three red chili peppers placed on folded linen with a vivid green textured surface beneath.","crdt":"Photograph by Ian Laker, Getty Images","dsc":"Littlebourne, Kent, England, UK. 11 June 2022. Three red chili peppers. A close-up aerial view of three red chili peppers placed on folded linen with a vivid green textured surface beneath. Chili peppers (also chile, chile pepper, chilli pepper), are varieties of the berry-fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency. Chili peppers are widely used in many cuisines as a spice to add heat to dishes.","rchDsc":{"markup":"Littlebourne, Kent, England, UK. 11 June 2022. Three red chili peppers. A close-up aerial view of three red chili peppers placed on folded linen with a vivid green textured surface beneath. Chili peppers (also chile, chile pepper, chilli pepper), are varieties of the berry-fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency. Chili peppers are widely used in many cuisines as a spice to add heat to dishes."},"rchTtl":{"markup":""}},"abstract":"Jalapeños at the supermarket are twice as big as they used to be, and more mild, one expert says.","title":"Are chili peppers getting less spicy?","tags":[{"name":"Environment","id":"623ce370-3e67-3fb2-b9a5-070ceb9b2de5","type":"sources","uri":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment"}]},{"id":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile","cmsType":"RegularStandardPrismTile","isEntitled":false,"cId":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile_14a88841-8372-4417-a079-e7dab5664e27","description":"Scientists journeyed to a stretch of gravel off the coast of Greenland—the farthest north you can go and still walk on land. These photos show what they found there.","ctas":[{"url":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/northernmost-plant-moss-arctic-poppy","text":"natgeo.ctaText.read","icon":"article"}],"img":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.5003663003663004,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/3c58e94a-e832-4c58-aa9f-6ba838578981/01_DSC_6095-Enhanced-NR.jpg","crdt":"Photograph by Jeff Kerby, National Geographic","dsc":"An Arctic poppy thrives on the bank of meltwater delta flowing out into the Arctic Ocean at the northern coast of Greenland. H.H. Benedicts (sub-range of the Roosevelts) mountains are in the background. These hardy flowers are relative giants among plant-life in northern Greenland. Some, like this one grow in clumps that keep their main vegetative bodies protected from the harshest weather. They will slowly turn their flowers to follow the sun like a satellite dish to keep heat on each flower’s ovary, warming visiting insect pollinators, and speeding the development of seeds. Their hairy stems also act to insulate them from the harsh cold conditions of northern Greenland by helping them retain heat.From Brian: ‘Per Halliday's botanical guide, the poppy tolerates \"serious disturbance\" and so perhaps that’s an advantage near the ice edge, with all the pack movement over time. From a quote of Gelting (1934) in Halliday: \"...the stiff frozen flowers are among those which by their conspicuous colors recall the past short actic summer till late in the autumn.\"","rchDsc":{"markup":"An Arctic poppy thrives on the bank of meltwater delta flowing out into the Arctic Ocean at the northern coast of Greenland. H.H. Benedicts (sub-range of the Roosevelts) mountains are in the background. These hardy flowers are relative giants among plant-life in northern Greenland. Some, like this one grow in clumps that keep their main vegetative bodies protected from the harshest weather. They will slowly turn their flowers to follow the sun like a satellite dish to keep heat on each flower’s ovary,  warming visiting insect pollinators, and speeding the development of seeds. Their hairy stems also act to insulate them from the harsh cold conditions of northern Greenland by helping them retain heat.From Brian: ‘Per Halliday's botanical guide, the poppy tolerates \"serious disturbance\" and so perhaps that’s an advantage near the ice edge, with all the pack movement over time. From a quote of Gelting (1934) in Halliday: \"...the stiff frozen flowers are among those which by their conspicuous colors recall the past short actic summer till late in the autumn.\""},"rchTtl":{"markup":""}},"abstract":"Scientists journeyed to a stretch of gravel off the coast of Greenland—the farthest north you can go and still walk on land. These photos show what they found there.","title":"The northernmost flower living at the top of the world","tags":[{"name":"Environment","id":"623ce370-3e67-3fb2-b9a5-070ceb9b2de5","type":"sources","uri":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment"}]},{"id":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile","cmsType":"RegularStandardPrismTile","isEntitled":false,"cId":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile_1c5500e6-a5fb-4272-a31a-a4bd4e6e164e","description":"In many parts of the world, water hyacinths are a noxious invasive weed that’s tricky to tame. But Nigerian entrepreneurs have come up with innovative ways to turn the plant into useful products.","ctas":[{"url":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/water-hyacinth-invasive-species-nigeria","text":"natgeo.ctaText.read","icon":"article"}],"img":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":0.71337890625,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/n/6897c99a-73c5-4935-9ccf-54c8bbb4cce6/MM10179_231219_01348-4.jpg","altText":"A person holds a Water hyacinth with a red glove.","crdt":"Photograph by Kasia Strek","dsc":"Water hyacinth is believed to have spread worldwide as a decorative plant from the Amazon. In its natural habitat, manatees eat it, which regulates its growth. In other parts of the world, plant eradication is practically impossible, as with good conditions, it doubles in surface within days, and its roots can survive until 20 years in mud or water. The purple flowers, which were first seen as a decorative aspect, indicate the plant's maturity when it spreads the fastest. Badore, Lagos, December 2023","rchDsc":{"markup":"Water hyacinth is believed to have spread worldwide as a decorative plant from the Amazon. In its natural habitat, manatees eat it, which regulates its growth. In other parts of the world, plant eradication is practically impossible, as with good conditions, it doubles in surface within days, and its roots can survive until 20 years in mud or water. The purple flowers, which were first seen as a decorative aspect, indicate the plant's maturity when it spreads the fastest. Badore, Lagos, December 2023"},"rchTtl":{"markup":""}},"abstract":"In many parts of the world, water hyacinths are a noxious invasive weed that’s tricky to tame. But Nigerian entrepreneurs have come up with innovative ways to turn the plant into useful products.","title":"This beautiful floating flower is wreaking havoc on Nigeria","tags":[{"name":"Environment","id":"623ce370-3e67-3fb2-b9a5-070ceb9b2de5","type":"sources","uri":"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment"}]},{"id":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile","cmsType":"RegularStandardPrismTile","isEntitled":false,"cId":"natgeo-globalpromo-frame1-history-tile_1ecc6517-ce57-453f-ad68-aaacfbc878ce","description":"Sixty years ago, the Aral Sea began drying up, leaving salty, barren soil in its wake. 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